My position came about through college recruiting. Initially I secured an internship with Boeing, and converted that to a full time job upon graduation.
Initially I applied online after speaking with representatives at my school's career fair. Like many large companies online applications are largely mandatory, whether you go through that channel or not you must be in their system.
I applied for something like 5 intenships and was contacted by an interested recruiter about a month and a half later. The interview process was largely informal and done over the phone. My first interview was about 20 minutes, and the focus was more on my interests than my ability, it began with an overview of the positions available and moved onto a discussion of how interested I was in the various available positions. A lot of the screening process happens before you are contacted based on your resume that component of the process is critical. The recruiter I spoke with assessed my interest areas and then referred me to a hiring manager with a matching position.
My discussion with the hiring manager consisted of them describing the job and asking my thoughts. I was interested and had an offer later that week, which I signed.
After my internship ended I was placed on leave of absence to be placed in a job during the school year. I applied to a couple of positions online, but secured my full time position essentially out of no where when someone I had worked with contacted me to see if I was interested in a position. The process to secure my full time position was largely the same as my internship following that point.